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JS Objects

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JS Functions

Function Definitions Function Parameters Function Invocation Function Call Function Apply Function Closures

JS Classes

Class Intro Class Inheritance Class Static

JS Async

JS Callbacks JS Asynchronous JS Promises JS Async/Await

JS HTML DOM

DOM Intro DOM Methods DOM Document DOM Elements DOM HTML DOM Forms DOM CSS DOM Animations DOM Events DOM Event Listener DOM Navigation DOM Nodes DOM Collections DOM Node Lists

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JS AJAX

AJAX Intro AJAX XMLHttp AJAX Request AJAX Response AJAX XML File AJAX PHP AJAX ASP AJAX Database AJAX Applications AJAX Examples

JS JSON

JSON Intro JSON Syntax JSON vs XML JSON Data Types JSON Parse JSON Stringify JSON Objects JSON Arrays JSON Server JSON PHP JSON HTML JSON JSONP

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jQuery Selectors jQuery HTML jQuery CSS jQuery DOM

JS Graphics

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JS Examples

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JS References

JavaScript Objects HTML DOM Objects

JavaScript. W3Schools in English. Lessons for beginners

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JavaScript ES5 Object Methods

ECMAScript 5 (2009) added a lot of new Object Methods to JavaScript.

Managing Objects

// Create object with an existing object as prototype
Object.create()

// Adding or changing an object property
Object.defineProperty(object, property, descriptor)

// Adding or changing object properties
Object.defineProperties(object, descriptors)

// Accessing Properties
Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(object, property)

// Returns all properties as an array
Object.getOwnPropertyNames(object)

// Accessing the prototype
Object.getPrototypeOf(object)

// Returns enumerable properties as an array
Object.keys(object)

Protecting Objects

// Prevents adding properties to an object
Object.preventExtensions(object)

// Returns true if properties can be added to an object
Object.isExtensible(object)

// Prevents changes of object properties (not values)
Object.seal(object)

// Returns true if object is sealed
Object.isSealed(object)

// Prevents any changes to an object
Object.freeze(object)

// Returns true if object is frozen
Object.isFrozen(object)

Changing a Property Value

Syntax

Object.defineProperty(object, property, {value : value})

This example changes a property value:

Example

const person = {
  firstName: "John",
  lastName : "Doe",
  language : "EN"
};

// Change a property
Object.defineProperty(person, "language", {value : "NO"});
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Changing Meta Data

ES5 allows the following property meta data to be changed:

writable : true      // Property value can be changed
enumerable : true    // Property can be enumerated
configurable : true  // Property can be reconfigured
writable : false     // Property value can not be changed
enumerable : false   // Property can be not enumerated
configurable : false // Property can be not reconfigured

ES5 allows getters and setters to be changed:

// Defining a getter
get: function() { return language }
// Defining a setter
set: function(value) { language = value }

This example makes language read-only:

Object.defineProperty(person, "language", {writable:false});

This example makes language not enumerable:

Object.defineProperty(person, "language", {enumerable:false});

Listing All Properties

This example list all properties of an object:

Example

const person = {
  firstName: "John",
  lastName : "Doe",
  language : "EN"
};

Object.defineProperty(person, "language", {enumerable:false});
Object.getOwnPropertyNames(person);  // Returns an array of properties
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Listing Enumerable Properties

This example list only the enumerable properties of an object:

Example

const person = {
  firstName: "John",
  lastName : "Doe",
  language : "EN"
};

Object.defineProperty(person, "language", {enumerable:false});
Object.keys(person);  // Returns an array of enumerable properties
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Adding a Property

This example adds a new property to an object:

Example

// Create an object:
const person = {
  firstName: "John",
  lastName : "Doe",
  language : "EN"
};

// Add a property
Object.defineProperty(person, "year", {value:"2008"});
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Adding Getters and Setters

The Object.defineProperty() method can also be used to add Getters and Setters:

Example

//Create an object
const person = {firstName:"John", lastName:"Doe"};

// Define a getter
Object.defineProperty(person, "fullName", {
  get: function () {return this.firstName + " " + this.lastName;}
});
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A Counter Example

Example

// Define object
const obj = {counter:0};

// Define setters
Object.defineProperty(obj, "reset", {
  get : function () {this.counter = 0;}
});
Object.defineProperty(obj, "increment", {
  get : function () {this.counter++;}
});
Object.defineProperty(obj, "decrement", {
  get : function () {this.counter--;}
});
Object.defineProperty(obj, "add", {
  set : function (value) {this.counter += value;}
});
Object.defineProperty(obj, "subtract", {
  set : function (i) {this.counter -= i;}
});

// Play with the counter:
obj.reset;
obj.add = 5;
obj.subtract = 1;
obj.increment;
obj.decrement;
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